Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own Proves Students Need Schools of Their Own :: Room of Ones Own Essays

Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own Proves Students Need Schools of Their Own As indicated by the Children’s Defense Fund, in 1989 a normal of 1,375 youngsters dropped out of school each day. As a future teacher, my response to this figure is one of awfulness and mistrust. When I move beyond the stun of such a figure and the required facetious inquiries: How would we be able to allow this to occur?, I become an agent. I start to search for designs in the profiles of understudies who have fizzled. I consider the educational program these understudies ingest and how it is taken care of to them. I attempt to comprehend what conditions bring about the spurning of 1,375 understudies for each day. As a country, we have built up organizations of discovering that take into account the requirements of a few. Our schools permit a select bunch of understudies to succeed. Certain fragments of our populace give off an impression of being at more serious hazard than others. The future doesn't look good for youthful dark and Latino people who don't endure secondary school. As per Duane Campbell, creator of Choosing Democracy, the joblessness rate for Latino people is generously higher than the national normal and an African American youngster is as prone to go to jail as to school (15). As indicated by the Economic Policy Institute, in 1991 43% of African American youngsters and 35% of Latino kids were living in destitution. It isn't amazing that an immense number of the 501,875 yearly school drop-outs originate from devastated dark and Latino families. Obviously it isn't just blacks and Latinos who are lost in the instructive mix. There are crowds of understudies who just don't fit into the customary state funded school worldview. Regardless of whether this poor fit is the consequence of an irregular learning style, an enthusiastic handicap or a requirement for a more elevated level of educator contribution, these understudies are regularly fizzled. Such understudies may remain in school, yet they get unsatisfactory instruction. Virginia Woolf, in her paper A Room of One’s Own puts forth a solid defense for schools which oblige the necessities of understudies who are flopped by our current framework. I didn't see the association between A Room of One’s Own and training upon my first perusing of the article, actually the thought came to me as I read Woolf’s paper The Common Reader.

Mental Health Nursing Health Assessments

Question: Examine about the Mental Health Nursing for Health Assessments. Answer: Presentation: 1. As indicated by the psychological well-being appraisals done on Justin, they function as treatment for dysfunctional behavior. He was sure on any treatment suggested by the specialist including prescription. In this way, he has mentioned a male medical attendant to mind him which will help him to remember his uncle Reggie who died. The effect of his cutting edge life has even helped him to perceive the significance of his family and wishes to complete treatment inside a brief period that he can join his family. Because of the treatment he is experiencing, Justin self-destructive ideation decreased and he can recognize assets and strong methods in instances of such thoughts (Athena, 2014). Speculations are viewed as authentic with social and some strict impacts. Be that as it may, there are some terrific speculations identifying with Justins mental evaluation. Solace hypothesis is a nursing hypothesis and was created during the 1990s which it depicted help in alleviation, simplicity and greatness (Napier, 2014). Explicit solace needs like which Justin was experiencing like dozing the entire day because of the perioperative torment of losing his uncle and furthermore bombing his family and network. As indicated by the solace hypothesis, the patient is alright with a condition of happiness and not ready to do anything the entire day (Ross, 2013). Justin condition is chiefly affected by the occasions that happen in his life. Being a diabetic patient at that point being tormented in school, losing his uncle who he viewed drove him to greatness condition as clarified in the solace hypothesis (Every, 2015) 2. As indicated by Jenkins (2015), psychological instability is a malady that causes minor or extreme brain unsettling influence influencing the patients contemplations and practices which may bring about modifying the patients requests. There are various types of grouped psychological sickness some with melancholy, bipolar confusion, and now and then nervousness issue. The side effects may incorporate ill humor, character changes, and social withdrawal (Ross, 2013). Some dysfunctional behavior might be identified with pressure or muddled arrangement of awkward occasions. Dysfunctional behavior influences both physical, enthusiastic and the brain science of the patient. As per Napier, (2014), this are social courses of psychological maladjustment in light of the fact that dysfunctional behavior might be conventional or brought about by natural components. Justin has consistently recognized his way of life firmly, and feels associated with the land and cherishes being in the shrubbery and thinking about his kin. He has consistently had confidence in passing the generous information, knowledge and the firm feeling of character to his kids (Gleig, 2014). His greatest concern is seeing his way of life decreasing and even a portion of his cousins overlooking their way of life to a degree of utilizing drugs. Family and culture are essential to Justins and regard to his older folks. As indicated by Enrico, (2013) he depicts the way of life and life by utilizing the human turning out to be hypothesis. The human turning out to be hypothesis sets that the personal satisfaction by an individual point of view of a quality life which is an impression of bio-psycho-social-otherworldly methodology which as indicated by Justin was in the way of life (Ross, 2013). 3. Qualities and properties from the manner in which intellectually sick patients are served and conveyed. By regarding Justins family customary culture. Through regarding decent variety societies among families and otherworldliness, it would be a lot of simple to converse with Justin (Harriet, 2015). All the individuals reserve the option to pick their way of life and be regarded by everybody and ensured protection. Characteristics are a perspective which is made because of a people conduct (Lemelson Tucker, 2015). A positive quality towards an intellectually sick patient is a method of helping the patients recuperation. Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory control the medical caretaker in giving consideration relating to social qualities, convictions, and practices to a patient (Jenkins, 2015). Perspectives include getting convictions, sentiments and qualities (Ross, 2013). Justins culture was increasingly conventional and required somebody who unmistakably comprehends it to arrangement will Justins condition. Through regarding the properties and qualities, Justin would impart progressively about his condition thus helping him having the correct medicine. 4. Justine cherishes his family and has energy about them in meeting 4. He says he abhors being in the clinic and missing his family exacerbates him feel he even depicts himself being a joyful individual since he appreciates family social events and having his mates around. He has consistently developed with the feeling of working and supporting his family however his condition has allowed him to down (Harriet, 2015). The adjustment hypothesis can help Justin in embracing another condition and change from the remote regions to the new condition where he needs to get human services (Jenkins, 2015). He adores his nation and has never been away from home. He has consistently been instructed to welcome individuals from different countries (Seth, 2014). Justins family ought to recognize the impacts of his sickness and have trusts that he will recuperate. At the point when family plainly comprehends his condition through adoration and backing, he is probably going to feel increased in value by the family and his quality being recognized. They ought to likewise do things that help him and energize him in his excursion to recuperation. By indicating interest, Justins will recuperate quicker in light of the fact that he as of now recognizes his family and adores them back. Having a psychological instability and a diabetic patient at home isn't simple for his family as well. Anyway fortitude originates from the family, and this should bolster Justins condition to showing signs of improvement (Napier, 2015). 5. An economical society exists inside self-propagating cutoff points of the earth with the network perceiving the development and choices. As indicated by the natural hypothesis, the demonstration of using the earth helps incredibly in a patients recuperation (Jenkins, 2015). Justin condition was remote where he lived with his folks and kin and the more distant family. Developing in a remote territory with solid social foundation could have been a purpose behind postponed recuperation process (Athena, 2014). Justin had basic social affiliations and convictions which had been passed on from ages to ages. The most dynamic collusions being his uncle Reggie and his family with is uncle being close subsequently assuming a social job (Kennedy Fried, 2015). During his childhood uncle, Reggie showed him accounts of his kin, otherworldliness and social he additionally found out about bramble medication and Tucker for mending (Harriet, 2015) With Justin accepting on custom and shrubbery medic ation he imagined that treatment in the city would not help him in his procedure. He saw his social rights being controlled by being taken to a city medical clinic while he had faith in the customary recuperating process. 6. Socially sheltered consideration is the activities in the medicinal services framework which perceives and regards diverse social ethnicities of various patients, securely meeting every desire and their privileges (Heather, 2015). Justin was raised in a profound otherworldly and social affiliations and with the new condition which he experienced during this treatment made him oppose the new culture. Measurements by Heather, (2015) show that individuals who social medicinal services are bound to get mended quicker in light of the fact that they have a sentiment of strengthening all through their recuperating procedure. Socially sheltered patients are all the more ready to share data about their wellbeing worries because of the home inclination; they feel thought about and their way of life being regarded. Patients are additionally ready to return for treatment and follow suggested treatment given by their medicals (Athena, 2014). Learning of patients culture is significant, and the procedure starts by understanding the foundation data of a patient understanding misconceptions in the patient's district (Athena 2014). The wellbeing experts who deal with Justin should know the way of life of where he originates from having as a top priority that he originates from a progressively remote territory. They ought to likewise esteem his way of life transparently and keep away from every single cliché hindrance between themselves. Culture care hypothesis mostly clarifies the consciousness of assorted variety between various societies and races which help in the human services setting (Jenkins, 2015). 7. Consideration and conduct uncover a lot of a people passionate state and mentality. As per Justins mental explanation and assessment, he talked through his discourse in a moderate way; there was inertness in his reaction and monotone and without articulation (Ross, 2013). He frequently gave monosyllabic answers except if incited. His state of mind was portrayed low and needed vitality and inspiration, his hunger diminished gigantically throughout the previous a half year and experienced issues in dozing and announced that he stir up right on time. There was proof of diurnal disposition variety expressing that he feels down toward the start of the day, in this way, spending the remainder of the day dozing (Jenkins, 2015). The disposition is a people consistent passionate state, and when they seem discouraged, they create inquiries of self-destructive in light of the fact that they think they are turning into a trouble to the network. As indicated by emotional well-being evaluation for Justin, the helping specialty of clinical nursing hypothesis is depicted with getting to of the reason for the assessment, the craftsmanship and the fundamental motivation behind the appraisal (Scully, 2013). 8. Individuals type of correspondence changes from various societies, and the essential angle is language use. As indicated by Justins balanced intercession notes on meeting one he is allowed to communicate, and he says that he is taken to insane individuals ward. In customary societies, a higher feeling of significant worth is put on keeping up connections and that what the medical attendants attempted to keep (Scully, 2013). As indicated by Hildegard Peplaus Interpersonal Relations Theory, the connection between the medical caretaker and Justin is essential in his prosperity in order to cover the hole between his remote region and the city. This the

The Scientist

The Scientist I spent today playing with yeast cells, and I couldnt be happier. Let me back up. As you may already know, this summer, Im working with Professor Angelika Amon of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. Today was my first day and I decided to come in at 8:00 which, in turn, meant waking up at 6:30 in the morning. Let me repeat that. Six-thirty in the morning. If you havent been to college yet, that might seem like a quite reasonable time to wake up and, really, it wasnt that bad. But compared to my usual wake up time of 9:00 last semester, in order to make it to my first class at 10:00, thats a pretty big switch. Just pointing that out. As I was saying, though, I showed up my lab at 8:00, rather proud of myself for making it on time only to find that I wasnt even the first one there! I suppose theres a lesson in here somewhere: no matter how dedicated you think you are, at MIT, odds are someone else is just as committed than you are. I think this is actually a good thing, in the long run. Anyway, almost soon as I walked into the Amon Lab, I felt surrounded by friendly and helpful faces. The first person I met, a grad student named Ilana, was all too happy to help me find Eduardo a post-doc and my primary mentor for the summer. After introducing me to a number of other grad students, post-docs, and technicians, Eduardo taught me a few basic but important techniques: pouring agar plates (growth media) and dissecting yeast spores. Pouring agar plates is about as exciting as it sounds, but dissection is actually really important. In the Amon Lab, dissection doesnt mean cutting apart a yeast cell and examining the organelles; rather, it refers to separating different genotypes of yeast from one another under a microscope using a needlewhich is a lot easier said than done. As everyone in the lab keeps telling me, becoming skilled at dissection requires a bit of patience and lots of practice, practice, practice. Which is why Ill be working on my dissection technique even more tomorrow. Im not sure what Eduardo would think if he knew I considered this playing with yeast cells, but I certainly enjoy it. Heading home to my fraternity, as I was walking through Lobby 7, I happened to glance up at the famous inscription, and discovered that the words Established for the Advancement of Science suddenly held an entirely new meaning for me.

Representation Of Class And Class Struggle - 1166 Words

Later theorist like Hall and Chakrabarty assert traditional early social science premised on white patriarchal, male dominated European colonialism and ideology alone, does nott consider the important values of other cultures and the articulation of race in the historical development and Capitalism. Thus they assert that the past, and present practices and histories of other races, cultures’ and cultures practices thwart the totalizing attempt of the earlier theorist like Gramsci and Bourdieu. Chakrabarty and Hall argue that other societies local as well as cultural practices [Chakrabarty], as well as the articulation of race [Hall], play an intricate part in historical development as they integrate theories of non-white, female, and†¦show more content†¦He asserts we must question â€Å"historicism† as an idea thus suggesting that to â€Å"understand anything it has to be understood as a whole via its historical development† (6). Thus, the totalizing th eory makes society blind to how local knowledge, different races, and cultures are essential in the development of history. Developing a distinction Marx made between the two kinds of history, Chakrabarty says History 1 is defined as the history of capitalism, and History 2, is defined as the development of human history that does not fit in the metanarrative of History 1 (50). Chakrabarty says Marx totalizing theories argue, that History 2, will ultimately be subsumed by History 1 overall history of capitalism from feudal stages to the present, However Chakrabarty argues that History 2 â€Å"is not separate from capital. As History 2 inherent in capital but interrupts and punctuates the logic of capitalism† (64). Additionally, Marx, (Marxist) Gramsci thinks that History 1 is the real history, while Chakrabarty asserts without â€Å"History two there would be no History one as history two is charged with the function of constantly interrupting the totalizing thrusts of Histo ry 1† (66). Chakrabarty details how Marxist abstract and real labor analogies fails to illustrate their theoretical application in other local and cultures. Therefore, the Western thought of â€Å"Marxism† as with Gramsci doesn t reflect theShow MoreRelatedThe Second Wave Of Feminism1594 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst-wave, the second-wave feminism continued to see white middle-class women as the forefront of feminism. The second-wave of feminism brought both good and bad to the table. While they were able to pass things such as the Equal Pay Act and ensured protection in Title 7 of the Civil Rights Act, the movement was also flawed to the extent in which they failed to address intersectionality—an understanding of how oppressions of race, gender, class, and sexuality were issues not isolated from one another—andRead MoreWorking Class Solidarity:Rebuilding Youngstown1205 Words   |  5 PagesWorking-Class Solidarity; Rebuilding Youngstown Undoubtedly work and place influence its surroundings. Youngstown, Ohio is emphasized as one in particular. As a result â€Å"steelmaking fueled the area’s economy and defined its identity† (68). The city was represented in newspapers, art work, postcards, and many texts as both â€Å"impressive and attractive† (75), as well as â€Å"imposing, confusing, and uninviting† (86). 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Aligning Profitability and Sustainability Nike - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 719 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/17 Category Business Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Nike Essay Organization Essay Did you like this example? Aligning profitability and sustainability A central issue that companies grapple with as they try to become more sustainable is how and to what extent they adopt this as part of their corporate strategy. Nike faces the same dilemma as it builds on the success of the ‘Considered’ initiative while simultaneously encountering challenges implementing the ethos across the entire brand. How far can and should Nike go in â€Å"considering the right thing and doing the right thing†? Businesses often strive to find the balance between being economically and environmentally sustainable. However, it is possible, with innovation, to align the benefits of these aspects and minimize trade-offs. For Nike to advance on the sustainability scale, it is imperative that they identify and pursue alignment mechanisms that will allow it to become profitable and sustainable. Integrating sustainability across the brand While Considered as an ethos is promoted and accepted acros s the Nike brand, a key obstacle to progress is its limited and non-uniform implementation across the various categories. Sustainability needs to evolve from being a strategic initiative to an organizational strategy that encapsulates all categories setting brand wide objectives, identifying resources, and establishing uniform metrics for performance. As noted in the case, sustainability for Nike is not just a CSR goal anymore rather a crucial factor in long-term growth and competitiveness of the company. Specific measures in the strategy to accomplish this could include creation of a comprehensive index covering all categories and products taking into consideration the differences in costs, prices, and targets. Secondly, modifying the operations to build in the impact of sustainable design, development and manufacturing on the production time line will allow for wider implementation of the practices. Furthermore, this helps incorporate iterative design through measurement, au dit, and tracking through the product life cycle. Adoption would also increase if Nike can create a broader negotiating platform to enable all categories to benefit from price reductions from suppliers. Finally, any organizational strategy would require champions among the various teams to disseminate the sustainability ethos, build liaisons across functions and in general ensure broader enforcement of best practices. The message of â€Å"being good is good for the business† needs to be part of the leadership’s vision, implementation and evaluative measures in the company. External partnerships and alliances An internal philosophy and focus on sustainability is one part of the equation in achieving long-term sustainability in an organization. Organizations need to create and foster an eco-system around them that help them align the profitability and sustainability goals. Nike, as the market leader, is in an excellent position to create partnerships and alliances towards that goal. Nike should spearhead the creation and/or consolidation of industry wide practices including rating systems for the products and performance metrics. Promoting environmentally friendly systems would accelerate adoption by suppliers thereby strengthening its global sourcing channels. Third-party monitoring and validation relationships would bolster Nike’s credibility and improve its standing as an environmentally responsible organization. This is especially important in the light of its past experience with the labor crisis. Nike should create strategic partnerships with suppliers promoting knowledge sharing, assisting in training and education and identifying long-term benefits. It should engage the suppliers in dialogues regarding comprehensive standards promoting alignment in their goals. Customer awareness and branding An organization’s value is in the eyes of the customer. The Nike brand commands tremendous customer loyalty and recognition through its association with high performance, innovation and aesthetics. For Nike to evolve as a sustainable brand, it has to create value for its customer to be part of the new ecosystem. Nike should differentiate itself by the additional dimension of eco-friendliness to build on its performance and aesthetic values. Leveraging celebrity endorsements and raising consumer awareness, Nike should engage customers in the sustainability vision through collaboration with NGOs, eco-friendly groups and environmental campaigns. Evolving the brand to be associated with social and environmental responsibility would improve customer satisfaction and the bottom-line. In conclusion, Nike’s challenge is to interlock profitability and sustainability as it strives to address global sourcing, competitive and environmental issues. To succeed, Nike should create a comprehensive strategy to implement sustainability practices internally while simultaneously forming alliances and partnerships with external stakeholders, including customers. By marrying innovation with ‘green’ it is feasible for Nike to create cost-effective, high performing, and ‘cool’ eco-friendly products. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Aligning Profitability and Sustainability: Nike" essay for you Create order

Women and Environment Free Essays

string(53) " were less likely to be employed in the labor force\." That the relationship between people and the environment is not gender-neutral became clear in the mid-1980s. Some organizations, focusing on the day-to-day lives of communities, argued that the position and concerns of women were invisible in environmental debates and programmers. The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE based in New Delhi, India, in their The State of India’s Environment Report – or the Second Citizens Report of 1984-1985 argued that: Probably no other group is more affected by environmental destruction than poor village women. We will write a custom essay sample on Women and Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Every dawn brings with it a long march in search of fuel, fodderand water. It does not matter if the women are old, young or pregnant: crucial household needs have to be met day after weary day. As ecological conditions worsen, the long march becomes even longer and more tiresome. Caught between poverty and environmental destruction, poor rural women in India could well be reaching the limits of physical endurance. (CSE 1985) In that same year of 1985, the second UN Decade for Women Conference was held in Nairobi, Kenya.The Environment Liaison Centre (presently the Environment Liaison Centre International or ELCI) organized a series of workshops on women, environment and development at the NGO Forum. These workshops were aimed at developing a better understanding of the relationship between women and the physical environment. More than 25 women leaders from all parts of the world – with an audience of women and men many times more – presented their local and regional case studies on women and the global environmental crisis, as well as on women and forests, energy, agriculture, and water management at local level.One of the main conclusions from the workshops was that women bear the highest costs of the environmental crisis because of their roles in providing water, food and energy at family and community levels. On the other hand, it was shown that women could potentially also make a large contribution to the solution of the crisis, precisely due to their role in the management of those primary resources. The increase in women’s power and the sustainability of development are ecologically tied.It is therefore imperative that women are enabled to participate and be involved at all levels of development planning throughout the industrialized and developing worlds, according to the ELC statement to the UN Women’s Conference in 1985. Female Participation in the Labor Force over the last century, the issue of women in the workplace has been a tumultuous one. Early in the 20th century, few women participated in the labor force. A woman’s place was at home, taking care of the family and managing the domestic world.It was seen as unfit for women to be in certain professions, and most women did not work, other than going about their daily chores around the house. The Great Depression magnified this fact, as unemployment reached its highest levels in history but women, more than ever, stayed home to look after their husbands who now found themselves without work. World War II brought a complete reversal to this trend. Productivity boomed and the men left their homes, some to work, most to join the war effort.Women, in large masses for the first time, also hit the labor market. Dubbed â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, these women worked at manufacturing plants and at other technological industries that had previously seen only male employees. With the men off at war, these companies needed women to fill their shoes, and women streamed into the business. Since then, they have not looked back, as women employment in the labor force grew steadily in the four decades after World War II. It was not until very recently that female employment growth rates have leveled out.I hope to explain why this has happened, as well as examining different sectors of the economy and comparing women employment and men employment. Just after World War II the civilian labor force participation for women was a paltry 32%. Today, however, some six decades later that rate has climbed in excess of 70%. For four solid decades after the war, this rate increased at an astounding rate. Early in the 1990s, however, this rate leveled off. This brought about much speculation as to whether or not women were thus starting to leave the labor force and, if so, what the causes of that might be.In order to look at this hypothesis more closely, we first need to break down the women in the labor force by age: 16-24 year olds, 25-34 year olds, 35-44 year olds, 45-54 year olds, and 55+ years. In the mid 1940’s, 35-44 year olds were engaged in the labor force more than any other age group. In the late 1980s and into the early 1990s, this was still the case. Over the last 25 years, however, the younger age groups have exploded onto the work scene, drastically shooting up from a percentage (of women that age in the labor force) of 40 percent in 1970 to nearly 75 percent in the early 1990s. Until the 1970’s, a graph of female participation rates in the labor force would look like an â€Å"M†, with a large dip coming between the early 20’s until the later-child bearing years, the mid 30’s. However, with all age groups now actively participating in the labor force, that graph now looks like an upside down â€Å"U†. In the early 1990s participation rates of women abruptly flattened out. Initially much thought was given to the fact that more mothers were exiting the labor force temporarily in order to look after their children or become homemakers.Thus analysts turned to specific age groups. They found that there was a significant drop off in labor force participation rates of women ages 16-24. Historically, rates of this age group did follow business cycles, so why the sudden change? The explanation was that more females that age were enrolling in schools. School enrollment between 1987 and 1993 increased nearly 28 percent, and women in school were less likely to be employed in the labor force. You read "Women and Environment" in category "Papers" Other age groups continued their slightly upward trend, with the only exception being the 16-24 year olds.One explanation as to why these women decided to attend school rather than remain in the labor force is the recession of the early 1990s. There was a recessionary job market, so the younger, less stable women chose to go back to school rather than seek alternate employment. Since the early 1990s, however, the growth of women entering the labor force has resumed. The makeup of the group of women in the labor force has been influenced more recently than ever before on family structure. In the last ten years, mothers have accounted for most of the rise in women’s overall labor force rate. For mothers with children between the ages of 6 and 17, an astonishing 77 percent are in the labor force. With children under 6, this percentage understandably dips to 62 points, but both largely higher than a decade ago. For mothers with infants less than a year old, the percentage entering the labor force has grown nearly 20 percent over the last decade. This trend is a strong reflection of today’s societal norms: working for pay is an integral part of many women’s lives, as opposed to early in the 20th century when housework was the norm.The 1996 Welfare Reform Bill passed by Congress had an effect on poor and single mothers in the workplace. By trying to move women from welfare to work, the bill encouraged these women to find jobs, thus entering the labor force. Additionally, the real wages of met earning lower incomes has remained stagnant or even slightly fallen in recent years. The cost of a wife sitting around the house and taking care of the children has risen, so the wives have much more incentive, and need, now to go out and earn on their own. This, in turn, also puts pressure on single mothers to go out and work as well.These women do not necessarily work full-time year-round, but their entrance into the marketplace is a positive for not only them but the women’s movement in general. It has gotten to the point, however, that marriage and children (except a pre-school aged child, where mothers tend to stay at home or work minimal hours) now have little effect on whether a not a woman works, and for how long she works. This is the societal norm, although access to other income (e. g. husband’s earnings, single vs. married woman) still has a large effect on a woman’s employment options.Women now spend a couple of hours more in the workplace per day than they do caring for their children as opposed to 20 years ago, yet many mothers are still not committed to full-time year-round employment. Throughout the entire 20th century, women’s wages have constantly lagged behind men’s wages. If a woman and mad were both hired to do the same task, the man would be paid more than the women. That has been and continues to be the trend in the American capitalist state. One explanation has always been that the men are not only more qualified at the jobs but more efficient.Thus, the argument goes, they should be paid at a higher premium. Today, however, the wage gap is still existent, and very few would find that argument valid. So why do women still earn less than men, and why are women often discriminated against in the workplace? When a child enters a family, it is the woman who, much more often than not, stays at home and cares for the new baby. When the women exits the labor force, she does not gain the seniority that she would have otherwise gotten had there been no child.When women return to the labor force, they are less likely to receive on the job training, and thus less like to increase their productivity and thus level of pay. The absence from the work force, even if only for several months to take care of a newborn child, can depreciate the job skills of women, so when they return back to work they are not as sharp and take some time to regain pre-birth efficiency in the office. Knowing this, employers are less likely to hire women who are in their prime years for giving birth. This also stands for wome n applying for new jobs; if they left the labor force nce before for a child, chances are good that they might do it again. An employer will see this and thus shy away from hiring the woman, instead perhaps deferring to a man who would remain at work. Employers may even view those who do not take time away from work as more dedicated than women who do, regardless of the reason, and this could be reflected in reduced promotion possibilities, different job assignments, and other actions that could have salary implications. This is certainly not fair to women: it is not their fault that they are biologically the ones who give birth and must frequently look after the children.Regardless, the trend is that those women who do take time off from work often are overlooked for more competitive jobs and receive less pay. I have just established that women are now in the labor force more than ever before. But now that they are working, what kinds of jobs are they doing? In private industry, the breakdown of women compared to men is interesting. In 2000 there were 44 million workers in private industry in the United States, 23. 5 million of which were male, 20. 5 million female. A more specific breakdown, however, shows some astounding differences.There were twice as many male officials and managers than there were females (3 million as opposed to 1. 5 million). Officials and managers are described as â€Å"occupations requiring administrative and managerial personnel who set broad policies, exercise overall responsibility for execution of these policies, etc. † Yet the number of workers defined as ‘professionals’ gives females the numeric advantage, 3. 6 million to 3. 4 million. Professionals are described as â€Å"occupations requiring either college graduation or experience of such kind. Thus even though the women labor force tends to be slightly more educated than the male labor force, it is the males who, by a 2:1 ratio, are in managerial and authoritative positions! In other generic fields, there is also a stark contrast between males and females. Women outnumber men by roughly a 3:2 ratio in sales, and for office and clerical workers in private industry in the United States in 2000, there were over 5 million females and only slightly over 1 million males. This is no doubt a stereotype, the female secretary or clerical workers, but according to these statistics this stereotype seems to hold true.What reasons are there that so many more females are attracted to, or rather hold, secretarial jobs? There are many. On the flip side, however, there were six times as many male craft workers (skilled labor) than there were female craft workers in 2000. Perhaps females are not attracted to the demanding physical labor of such jobs, much the way males do not like clerical tasks. Historically, males have been overwhelmingly dominant in the field of physical labor. When some women were forced to work in factories for personal financial reasons, they were often despised and treated unequally.This, I am sure, led many females to be extremely not attracted to such professions. Likewise, females have always dominant as office secretaries and the like. Back when women first entered the labor force, these were often the only types of jobs available so they took them. Today, women still flock to these clerical jobs. Looking at more specific job fields, these same general observations seem to hold true. In the field of engineering and management services, male office officials and managers greatly outweigh female managers.There are more than twice as many male technicians as female technicians, and over 12 times as many male skilled laborers than female skilled laborers. However, the number of female clerical workers is more than four times that of male clerical workers. Even male operatives (semiskilled workers) outnumber by three times the number of female operatives. These numbers show overwhelmingly that the technical aspect of engineering is enjoyed more by males, while the women are still confined to the office. In the field of legal services, females outnumber males by a 1. 7:1 ration.Nearly two thirds of all females in this profession, however, are in fact office and clerical workers. Male professionals outnumber female professionals by a wide margin, and the trend shown in the general population holds true here, too. In the field of computers and office equipment, twice as many males as females hold jobs in this area. As usual, the number of female clerical workers greatly outweighs the number of male clerical workers. It comes as no surprise that, in the field of computers, male professionals, technicians, and skilled laborers greatly outweighs the number of female workers in these areas. The same trends can be seen in other areas such as communications. One profession bucking this trend, however, can be found in hospitals. Women hospital employees outnumber male hospital employees by more than a 3:1 margin. Additionally, the number of female officials and managers, professionals, and technicians outweigh the numbers for the males, not just in raw numbers but also in terms of percentages. Males, however, still comprise the vast majority of skilled laborers in this area. It is nice to see, however, an area that goes against the general trend.Even though women seem to be dominant in a few fields of work and very scattered throughout many others, this is a change from a couple generations ago when most women were not even in the labor force. For women, this fact is definitely a step in the positive direction. Most women now hold jobs in the workplace, and are sustaining them for longer amounts of time than ever before. The next step is for women to immerse themselves in all fields of the labor force, rather than just concentrating on a selective few.This brings responsibility to males, too, to allow for women to reach the upper echelons of the labor force. In a labor force that has been historically dominated by males, this proves to be an intriguing situation over the next decade as more and more women aspire to the officials and managers that they are not today. Women’s education from past till now Social Relevance Education has been the stumbling block keeping women from attaining equal status in society, separating them from their male counterparts. It has also been the door to this elusive dream of equality. Before women gained the right and privilege of higher education they were believed to be lower-class citizens, not worthy of voting or owning property, or any number of other â€Å"inalienable rights†. It was not only men who believed that women should hold a lower position than they. Queen Victoria said: † I am most anxious to enlist everyone who can speak or write to join in checking this mad, wicked folly of ‘Women’s Rights’, with all its attendant horrors, on which her poor feeble sex is bent, forgetting every sense of womanly feelings and propriety. Feminists ought to get a good whipping.Were woman to ‘unsex’ themselves by claiming equality with men, they would become the most hateful, heathen and disgusting of beings and would surely perish without male protection. â€Å"(Victorian Station)  Without education to empower them, many women believed that they should not hold the power to influence politics or even make decisions abou t their own property. Women were stripped of their dignity and privileges by men of the community and even by their own husbands. However, they were finally able to break free from these social constraints through education. It is telling that most of he early feminists were set apart from their complacent sisters by education. They were educated, and through this knowledge gained a sense of self-worth and the power to change history. Higher education is the foundation of the empowered women of today. The struggle for women’s education has been an uphill battle that has not yet reached its citadel. This journey took root in the Victorian period and branched even to modern times. During the mid-eighteen hundreds women were expected to live up to a feminine ideal. This ideology required women to be â€Å"pure, pious, domestic and submissive† (Eisenmann Apendix).None of these ideals would be achieved through education. In fact, receiving an education in the Victorian Period was considered an â€Å"act of nonconformity†(Solomon xviii). A woman could not fill her preordained place in society if she wasting her time gaining knowledge. Education was thought to make women discontented with their current status, and possibly even irritated with men (McClelland 12). Education for women was thought to disrupt the social balance of the time. On the contrary, the earliest push for Victorian women to become educated was because they were mothers of men and eventually teachers of men (Solomon xviii). It was not until the twentieth century that women began to desire knowledge for themselves as individuals. History of Women in Education In order to understand the women’s education movement, it is important to have a brief background of its history. During the time of the ideal subservient woman a few bold women and events stand out as milestones in history. The first is in 1833; Oberlin College was founded. It was the nations first university to accept women and black students. The next important event was the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848. This convention added fuel to the flame of education and suffrage. The Seneca Falls Declaration has been called â€Å"the single most important document of the nineteenth-century American woman’s movement†. At the convention a declaration concerning women’s rights was adopted modeling the Declaration of Independence. Appearing in addition to issues of suffrage were issues of education and employment. The Declaration of Sentiments states: He has monopolized nearly all the profitable employments, and from those she is permitted to follow, she receives but a scanty remuneration. He closes against her all the avenues to wealth and distinction, which he considers ost honorable to himself. As a teacher of theology, medicine, or law, she is not known. He has denied her the facilities for obtaining a thorough education – all colleges being closed against her. (Schneir 77) This event is of utmost importance to the women’s rights movement. It laid the foundation for future achievements even though suffrage was not achieved until 1920. After the Seneca Falls Convention women continued to achieve milestones in education. In 1877, Helen Magill became the first woman in the United States to earn her Ph. D.By 1880, women comprised eighty percent of all elementary school educators, and by 1910 women made up 39 percent of all collegiate undergraduate students and even 20 percent of all college faculty. Finally, in 1920 women’s suffrage was achieved, giving women a secure foothold in society. In 1945, the first woman was accepted to Harvard Medical School, and by 1972 Title XI was passed to help end the discrimination based on sex for any educational program that received federal funding. In 1980 women equaled men in numbers enrolled in colleges with 51 percent.Finally, in 1996 Virginia Military Institute was forced by the Supreme Court to become coeducational (Eisenmann appendix). There are many other events along the path to education that helped women achieve the status they enjoy today. This brief chronology merely traces a few of the hundreds of thousands of victories women had to win in order to become educated. Reasons for Oppression One of the main values that necessitated all of this arduous labor in order to simply become educated was that, people feared that the social system would break down if women were allowed to be educated.They worried that women would cease to fulfill their traditional roles if they received a higher education. It was even thought that a woman risked brain fever or sterility if she became educated (Delamont 109). These Victorian ideas seem ridiculous from a twentieth century perspective, but educated women today still have to deal with a certain measure of social stigma. It is often overlooked, however, because it has been adapted to fit the social constraints of today. They are forced at times to choose to live up to the dreams of their education or to live up to the societal implications of being a mother and wife (Solomon xix).This is only one of many reasons that the fight for adequate woman’s education is far from over. University of Texas Compared to Cambridge The fact that the need for reform in women’s education is not over is illustrated in two parallel cases. During the early feminist movement and the beginnings of the reform of women’s education, the best case to study is Cambridge in England. At the time this university had established authority in academia there was not a comparable university in the United States.Therefore, it is necessary to compare universities across the boundaries of nations. Women first gained notoriety at Cambridge when in the 1860’s Emily Davies was successful in her campaign to allow women to attend Cambridge University. However, they did not have the same status as the male students there (Acker 51). Even though Cambridge was one of the first universities to encourage women to study they did not award women the same degrees as men upon completion of the same tests (Vicinus 117). This is a testament to the slow but steady progress of women in education.These women were dedicated and willing to study despite sub-par compensation upon completion of school. It was not until 1947 that women were admitted to Cambridge as equal members (Acker 51). While it was a promising start for women in the Victorian period to even be allowed to study, it is necessary to evaluate the staggering length of time this progress took to occur. It took almost a century for women to gain the same recognition as men. In light of these facts, it is dangerous to assume that women today have equal educational opportunity.As little as fifty-five years ago women were celebrating the fact that they could finally earn a degree at Cambridge University. That is not a very distant past. When asked if women at The University of Texas still face issues of educational bias, the answer is an unequivocal yes. Women make up almost half of the undergraduate student population at forty-nine percent. Sadly, these women are outnumbered in fields that have traditionally been male-dominated such as architecture and medicine. However, the average grade point average of women is higher than men in every field of study(Office of Inst. . This makes it clear that it is not a discrepancy of ability that keeps women from pursuing these vocations.There must be some sort of lingering Victorian attitudes that keep women from living up to their potential. Women today aspire to more diverse areas of study and vocation. However, they are realistic about what the world has in store for them and therefore gravitate towards more typically female professions (Kramarae 489). Another important fact is that the percentage of women faculty is a meager 33 percent (Office of Inst. Research has found that students tend to seek out classrooms and vocations in which they will feel comfortable and successful. Some students report avoiding courses that are overwhelmingly male because of the unwelcome feeling they experience in the classroom. How can women feel comfortable pursuing any field of study when male mentors and educators surround them and when the only contributions taught are those of males (Kramarae 498)? The battle for women’s education will not be won until women feel free and comfortable to pursue any academic field. How to cite Women and Environment, Papers

Scope of Social Media in Business Free-Samples-Myassignmenthlep.Com

Question: Discuss about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Social Networks in Business. Answer: Introduction: Advancement in the technology has brought up many changes in the business world. The biggest technology invention is the invention of internet that is used by every single person on the planet. It has become the basis of every function of daily lives of the people. Introduction of social media tool is also a technological invention that has proved to be very popular these days. Every individual is using social media tools to communicate with each other overcoming all the barriers of communication (Kaplan Haenlein, 2010). Businesses are also using these tools for their benefits in the field of marketing, customer service, making connections etc. However, it not only brings benefits to the businesses but also act as the challenge for the companies to deal with such social media tools. This is because it requires an extra skill to make use of these tools for the benefits of the firm. It is required by the companies to analyze the tool properly and implement them in the processes with p rior training and development to the employees so that nobody can misuse it. social media Social media can be defined as the platform that helps the people to connect with the outside world with the use of technology called internet (Brison, Baker III Byon, 2015). With the evolution of internet technology the features of social media has also got improved and thus provides even better services to the people such as posting images, videos, chatting, editing picture, posting content etc. This is basically the platform that helps in exchanging the information with others. In earlier times, people used to share these types of information through posts after that technology has developed and people started sending messages and E-mails. Now the technology has become so advanced that people can have online live chats and video chats through the medium of social media. Web 1.0 technology is the technology of internet that allows the users to have access to read the data provided on the websites that has been generated by others (Kwak, Lee, Park Moon, 2010). Advancement in web 1 .0 results in development of web 2.0 technology. This technology allows the users to even interact with other users of the websites. Social media is not only playing a major role in individuals life but also playing a great role in the life of business. It has provided many benefits to the businesses along with some of the disadvantages. Benefits of social media: The below figure clearly suggests the different types of benefits that the companies are enjoying with the use of social media. Brand exposure and awareness: The above figure suggests that the major advantage for the businesses of using social media networks is brand exposure and awareness. It means that the social media network tool help the companies to make the people aware of their brand by marketing and posting about their products and services on these sites (Mangold Faulds, 2009). This ultimately provides high brand exposure to the company as more and more people can know about the brand. Social media tools allow the companies to increase their presence on the internet so that its brand can be exposed to large number of customers. Coles is the company in Australia that operates in the supermarket industry. The company uses social media tool for attracting more and more customers and succeeded in doing so. The Facebook page of the company has 869,000 likes. This suggests that intensity of the awareness the people have about the company because of social media presence. Targeted traffic: As many users are using the social media networking sites thus makes it easier for the companies to have a large pool of customers from which the relevant customers can be targeted easily. Search Engine optimization is the tool that helps in optimizing the website traffic for the company (Gerbaudo, 2012). Coles is the company that is using the help of the site called twitter not only to broadcast about the products but also to target the customers for the particular products. The target customer range of the company is so wide because it deals with many products and thus according to the likes and the retweets of the people company can target those customers (Econsultancy., 2017). Lead generation: Lead is basically the potential customers. As there are many users who are connected with each other on social media networking sites thus it creates a pool for sales prospects for the companies. Some of the users are customers for some of the products. Thus, the companies need to be active in order to generate the lead out of that customer. It is competition because most of the companies are trying this method to acquire customers and thus the companies need to make extra efforts in generating leads from the users. Using online website to serve the customers to buy the products is the basic step to generate lead online (Albarran, 2013). Coles is the company that uses such strategy to generate leads. The company is active on all the social media websites and thus tries to attract the customers with customized ads. Customer interaction: Social media networking not only allow the companies to post about their products and services but also allow the customers to leave their feedbacks on the company's post. It helps the companies to know about the reviews of the customers about their products and services. This also results in taking corrective action by the companies according to the analysis of the customers views. The above picture clearly describes that Coles post about their products on Tweets and the reviews of the customers can be identified from these posts on Twitter (Healey, 2011). Positive views of the customers help the company to have more sales of the products and negative views help the company to make correction to their products according to their needs. The benefits of using social media is not limited to the above four aspects. There is a wide scope of using social media for marketing and other processes (McHale, 2012). Social media also helps in internal networking of the employees thorough intranet. Coles is using this technology also to make connections between their employees so that easy c flow of communication can be done. Disadvantages of social media networking: Skilled resources: Using social media tools is not always easy and cheap. It totally depends on the size and the type of the business that how much efforts are required by the company to use these tools in order to take benefits of that (Hinton Hjorth, 2013). The major disadvantage of using social media networking in businesses is that it requires committed human and time resources. The companies need to hire skilled employee or sometimes the whole team to take care of these social media networks of the company all the time. This requires the company to invest in hiring and training the people with the required skills. The staff of the company that deals with social media tools should be extremely trained so that they can give all the answers to the questions out on by the customers and the competitors on social media. Coles have a specialized social media team in the organization that looks after the social media sites of the company every time (Lomborg, 2014). The company replies to the customers reviews in 2 hours which is a very speedy time as compared to other companies. The company is also active on all the social media channels and post new things every time and then. This increases the efforts of the company and distracts the company from its core activities. Damage to brand image: As there are many user on the social media sites so they can post anything about the company anytime. This acts as the threat for the company because the new or any statement given by the users or the competitors can results in damage to the image of the company. It is a very big risk that the companies came across when they deal with social media networking tools (Scott, 2015). These are the tools that are open and allow the open communication and interaction between the people. Coles has faced this case of negative publicity at the time when the company has started its campaign with the statement In my house, its a crime not to buy This statement has received many negative replies from the customers and drops down the image of the company on social media. It is very difficult for the company to deal with such cases. The openness of this medium and networking allow the customers to write whatever they want and it may affect the image of the companies very badl y. Ethical and legal risks: Social media is the world that has different security and privacy concern. Any company's social media team should be knowledgeable with the IT laws before working with any of the social media team (Westwood, 2014). This is because any unethical practice at the social media sites can be subjected to legal punishment. Security risks for the companies are very high in case of using the social media tool. Any information of the company can be leaked by the social media team as they have all the data and information about the company that should be kept in secretive manner. Companies like Coles need to include all the legal consideration when using the social media tools that any of their practice cannot harm the image of the company as well as cannot put any legal harm to the company. Therefore, it has been analyzed that the companies should be very aware of all the disadvantages of using social media networking in business so that they can face those challenges at that time with prior plans (Stelzner, 2011). It has been recommended for the companies to assess the activities that need to be conducted on social media by the company and also to plan all the activities by delegating different duties and responsibilities to different people. A written social media policy should be framed by the company so that the activities can be conducted according to that policy (Aral, Dellarocas Godes, 2013). The main recommendation for the companies who use such tools is that the companies should train their employees with the skills of using social media tools so that they cannot make any technical mistake on the sites that may results in harm to the company's image and goodwill. Conclusion: On the whole, it can be concluded that social media networking is a very important element to be considered by the companies these days. This is because its a very strong marketing tool for the companies. It does not benefit the company in terms marketing but also help the companies to increase the revenue and the customer base (Hanna, Rohm Crittenden, 2011). Brand exposure is also the main benefit of using social media networking in businesses. On the other hand, the limitation of using such tools are elated to the damaging the image of the company and requirement of skilled workforce to use such tools. As the social media networking is very popular in todays world but the companies need to understand that the tools are still very new to most of the people and thus a proper strategy needs to be made in order to implement such tools in the organization. Coles is using an optimum use of these tool in the business but still faced many risks and challenges of using social media network ing. References: Albarran, A. (2013).The social media industries. New York: Routledge. Aral, S., Dellarocas, C., Godes, D. (2013). Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), 3-13. Brison, N. T., Baker III, T. A., Byon, K. K. (2015). Facebook Likes and Sport Brand Image: An Empirical Examination of the National Advertising Divisions Coastal Contacts Decision.Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport,25(2), 104-122. Econsultancy. (2017).How Australian supermarket Coles delivers engaging content on social, from https://econsultancy.com/blog/66922-how-australian-supermarket-coles-delivers-engaging-content-on-social/ Retrieved 4 May 2017 Gerbaudo, P.( 2012).Tweets and the streets: Social media and contemporary activism. Pluto Press. Hanna, R., Rohm, A., Crittenden, V. L. (2011). Were all connected: The power of the social media ecosystem.Business horizons,54(3), 265-273. Healey, J. (2011).Social impacts of digital media. Thirroul, N.S.W.: Spinney Press. Hinton, S., Hjorth, L. (2013).Understanding social media. Los Angeles, CA [etc.]: SAGE. Kaplan, A. M., Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media.Business horizons,53(1), 59-68. Kwak, H., Lee, C., Park, H. Moon, S. (2010), April. What is Twitter, a social network or a news media?. InProceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web(pp. 591-600). ACM. Lomborg, S. (2014).Social media, social genres. New York, NY [u.a.]: Routledge. Mangold, W.G. Faulds, D.J.(2009). Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix.Business horizons,52(4), pp.357-365. McHale, R. (2012).Navigating social media legal risks: Safeguarding your business. Que Publishing. Scott, D. (2015).The new rules of marketing PR. Hoboken (New Jersey): J. Wiley Sons. Stelzner, M. A. (2011). Social media marketing industry report.Social Media Examiner,41, 1-10. Westwood, J. (2014).Social Media in Social Work Education

The bhagavad gita †Eknath Easwaran

Dharma is one of the most important tenets of the Hindu religion. It is taken from the Bhagavad Gita a body of literature considered as sacred scriptures by the Hindus. Dharma is a term not easily defined.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The bhagavad gita – Eknath Easwaran specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is no absolute or clear definition for this term. It is made more complicated by the fact that the Bhagavad Gita talks about it in two different ways. The first one is what can be considered as the orthodox understanding of the term and the second one is a more mystical understanding of dharma. The first one is an accepted philosophy among many Hindus and made evident in the early part of the Bhagavad Gita when it tells of the prelude to war and the justification as to why warriors are willing to fight and die in the battlefield. But in later sections, one can see Krishna talking to Arjuna and he is talking about a different type of dharma. The conflict is the result of the Hindu worldview – that there are two-opposing realities and this necessitates for the creation of two types of dharma. It is important to understand the two opposing dharmas in order to fully appreciate and comprehend the Gita so that Hindus can then use it as a guide to build a better society. There are two types of dharma and each one contradicts the other. There are two points of view. â€Å"First, there is the orthodox Hindu viewpoint that the Gita condones war for the warrior class: it is the dharma, the moral duty, of soldiers to fight in a good cause, though never for evil leaders† (Easwaran, p.75). There is therefore a justification to go to battle. It is acceptable to kill and destroy for the name of the good. But how can one distinguish the good side or the evil side of a conflict? The end goal of the war is for one army to subjugate the opposing side and rule over them. This is carn al and not divine; it opposes the teachings of Krishna. In the case of Arjuna the battle is not to defend their homeland against a foreign invader, but he was urged to fight his relatives. Even the great Mahatma Gandhi had trouble understanding the clear contradiction but he offered his explanation saying that â€Å"To argue that the Gita condones violence, he said, was to give importance only to its opening verses – its preface, so to speak – and ignore the scripture itself† (Easwaran, p.75).Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, it has to be acknowledged that there indeed exists a contradiction; the Gita has two worldviews one is to espouse the need to do the right thing in order to succeed as a warrior, as a leader, and as an individual with deep-seated needs. But at the same time it also advocates non-violence and the need to seek the religiou s and mystical way as defined by Krishna. The first type of dharma can be described as a set of principles that can help a person understand how build a better society free from strife and turmoil. The second type of dharma is a set of principles that can help a person achieve self-realization and receive the approval of Krishna. This was demonstrated by Krishna himself when he became a mere charioteer in order to be close to Arjuna. Krishna allowed this to happen so that he can continue with his teachings and yet at the same time detached from war. This is the reason why the mystics interpret it as an allegory â€Å"the cosmic struggle between good and evil† (Easwaran, p.75). Arjuna realized there is more to life than riches, fame, and political power. This led Arjuna to cry out, â€Å"O Krishna, I have no desire for victory, or for a kingdom or pleasures† (Easwaran, p.80). Krishna reinforced his teachings by explaining to Arjuna that there is an ultimate purpose: â⠂¬Å"the immortal soul is more important than the passing world† (Easwaran, p.84). Although there is a need to deal with the practical aspects of life, there is a higher way, the spiritual way, and Krishna urged Arjuna to desire the way of the mystics. However, this is a problem if viewed from the orthodox understanding of dharma because no one would defend their homeland if needed and no one will do the right thing when duty calls for action that may lead to war or offend other people especially evildoers. The conflict and the contradiction is the result of the Hindu worldview for they always see the yin and the yang, the black and the white of everything. They always see dualities: good and evil; pain and pleasure. In this regard, dharma is seen as two sources of support (Easwaran, p.275). The first one is dependency on the external world, food, home, wealth, power, pleasure etc. The second one is dependency on the Self alone (Easwaran, p.275). This is the reason why Krishna urged Arjuna to fight and yet at the same time not fight. Arjuna has to fight for what is right but at the same time he must realize that violence will never be the permanent solution to life’s problems. He must learn to understand the implication of the second type of dharma.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The bhagavad gita – Eknath Easwaran specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is indeed a conflict because human beings must respond to his needs and the needs of his family, relatives, and friends. If there is a just cause for war then he must do everything in his power to defend country and loved ones. It is his dharma to go to the battle field and win the war for good. On the other hand, his chief dharma is to attain self-realization, a religious enlightenment that only Krishna can bring. This is possible if Arjuna is willing to let go of the external aspects of life such as fame, wealth, and p olitical power. As Krishna would say: â€Å"When you keep thinking about sense objects, attachment comes †¦ breeds desire, the lust of possession that burns to anger† (Easwaran, p.87). It is therefore important to focus on the self and then to Krishna. Yet still, it vacillates between two options that is why there are two forms of dharma. On the other hand there is also a need to observe the orthodox way of understanding dharma. Without it society will crumble. The policeman should be allowed to use force to apprehend violent criminals. If they are forbidden to do it so because of their religious aspirations then there would be chaos in the land. It would then be difficult for them to pursue what the Bhagavad Gita tells them to do. This is an impossible scenario therefore it is not practical to simply accept everything that Krishna said to Arjuna. Those who support Krishna may argue blindly that their god tells of the truth and yet even the Bhagavad Gita says in the intr oductory chapters that there is such a thing as a just war (Easwaran, p.71). If a just war is accept in accordance to the orthodox view then this means that men are allowed to fight each other and that they are allowed to use tools and weapons to destroy the other. There is no such thing as a good war for there will always be casualties. There will surely be the destruction of properties and there will be the loss of life and anguish on the part of the vanquished and yet the Bhagavad Gita supports the practical aspect of dharma urging leaders and soldiers and common people to do the right thing in order to cause good on the earth. Krishna however will say that there is no good apart from him. These two opposing point of views must be blended together. It is impossible to follow completely the teachings of Krishna because it would require everyone to stay home and not venture into the secular realm and become active in trade, in transportation, in healthcare, and in national security . If this is the mindset of everyone then the whole world will come to ruin, children will go hungry, and the whole social structure would breakdown and social progress would be impossible.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion The two types of dharma prescribed in the Bhagavad Gita contradicts each other. There seems no way to reconcile. The orthodox way tells of duties and obligations that one must observe. The Krishna way on the other hand condemns the desires of the flesh and with it the desire for anything that is temporal. Even the Bhagavad Gita contradicts Krishna because it also supports the idea that political leaders must have the capability to use their power, their army and their weapons to enforce the rule of law. It is therefore important to understand the two opposing dharmas in order to fully appreciate and comprehend the Gita. As a result Hindus can then use it as a guide to build a better society. Bibliography Easwaran, Eknath. The Bhagavad Gita. CA: The Blue Mountain Center for Meditation, 2007. This essay on The bhagavad gita – Eknath Easwaran was written and submitted by user Jaylah Conley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Queen of Hearts essays

Queen of Hearts essays "Ive always thought, to provide some light along the way". This quote is in the words of one of the most caring that people need to feel good about themselves and I see my role as offering support to them and devoted ladies of our time. This lady is known to us as Diana, Princess of Wales. Princess Diana possessed every attribute that we consider role models to exhibit. The word icon is defined as one who is the object of great attention and devotion. One who fits this category perfectly is princess Diana. Through Princess Dianas life she over came massive obstacles, incorporated her lifestyle and actions all because of her beliefs, and became universally beloved by many. Princess Diana has encountered many obstacles in her life. Yet, not one of them stopped her from achieving what she truly believed was possible. Princess Diana may not be a hero in the eyes of everyone, but for all the people that she has touched with her kindness and incredible devotion may beg to differ. I dont believe that heroes are the only people who can overcome massive obstacles. To be a good role model may include overcoming a massive obstacle to do the things that make you such a good role model. For Princess Diana overcoming obstacles was definitely something she had to do to fulfill her dreams. Who thought a person could manage being a Princess, wife, mother of two, not to mention all the other jobs that come along with these roles, and at the same time be president or patron of over one hundred charities. Princess Dianas life became entirely devoted to helping people. Heroes are not the only people who make us question our own life. Role models also encourage people to change their life for the better. This is exactly what Princess Diana actions did. She encouraged many people of all nations to change their life for the better. For a person to entirely devote their life to helping others is not what people interpret a ...

It's a letter to waive toefl requirements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

It's a letter to waive toefl requirements - Essay Example During my freshmen and sophomore years, I took three of US college level English and scored straight A for those classes. The classes covered composition & reading EWRT1A, critical reading and writing EWRT 2, and reading, writing and research EWRT 1B. Furthermore, I have also voluntarily taken five intensive English classes during my junior and senior years at The Johns Hopkins University. These five classes are Business English Accuracy, Business, English business writing 1 and English business speaking 1. I am currently voluntarily pursuing English business writing 2 and English business speaking 2. In total, I have taken 8-US college level English Class. Furthermore, I can maintain with good standing grades at The Johns Hopkins University, which requires good English skills in class. All the courses that I have taken in my undergraduate studies have sharpened my English and prove that I am proficient in English. As stated on the website that I can waive for the Toefl test, I hereby express my desire to waive the Toefl

Health communication theory application paper Essay

Health communication theory application paper - Essay Example As suggested by estimates, billions of dollars are wasted due to the unnecessary medical procedures every year. Nine major groups of physicians have identified 45 medical procedures and tests that are recommended by doctors regularly but they have been proved to have no benefit for the majority of the patients, and at times such medical procedures can also prove to be detrimental for the medical condition of the patients. The article refers to an article by Dr. Howard Brody that sheds light upon the ethical issues in health care. Such articles help bring awareness among the patients which is one of the aspects of the article titled ‘Technology as the Representative Anecdote in Popular Discourse of Health and Medicine’ by Lynn M. Harter and Phyllis M. Japp. Technology, specifically mass media, plays an important role in making the patients aware regarding the medical procedures. According to Dr. Brody, one of the reasons behind the rising health care costs is that medical groups are not actively trying to bring the health care costs down and they are more concerned about keeping the incomes of the doctors too high. The article further suggests that medical groups should develop lists of medical procedures and treatments that have not proven to be beneficial in the process of diagnosis. The elimination of such tests and treatments will help in cutting down the health care costs without causing any deprivation of the medical benefits to the patient. Some of the specialty groups that were included in the list of the groups that used unnecessary medical procedures were; oncology, cardiology, radiology and primary care. Some of the tests and treatments that were proposed to be eliminated were; brain imaging scans after fainting, antibiotics for uncomplicated sinus infections, cardiac stress tests for annual checkups in patients who do not show any symptoms regar ding any cardiac problem, bone scans for early breast and prostate cancer patients who have low

Approaches To Challenging Behaviour

Approaches To Challenging Behaviour This essay intends to talk about innovative approaches to challenging behaviour in a specific Social Care Setting. The writer will discuss about approaches like counselling, the Low Arousal Approach, the Time-out Approach, Nonviolent Crisis Intervention, and many more and will then give examples using practical examples from practice placement. Challenging behaviour has being an issue on the spot light over the past years especially in young children and people with intellectual disabilities. This essay will also bring some issues that causes or promote challenging and aggressive behaviour in the social care setting. The term challenging behaviour was adopted from The Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps (TASH), and emphasises that behaviours represent challenges to services, rather than problems which are solely intrinsic to the individuals with learning disabilities. Emerson, et al (1987) suggests the following as a definition of severely challenging behaviour Severely challenging behaviour refers to behaviour of such an intensity, frequency or duration that the physical safety of the person or others is likely to be placed in serious jeopardy, or behaviour which is likely to seriously limit or delay access to and use of ordinary community facilities (Emerson, Barrett, Bell, Cummings, McCool, Toogood, Mansell 1987; cited NSH Evidence, 2011). There is a great concern for how people with challenging behaviour view themselves the issues of self esteem and self view. Work on communication and relationship goes hand-in-hand with these issues and is likely to contribute mightily to a persons self worth if he/she is having regular positive valuing experiences in interactions with others. This is an area which might require great thought and professionalism. However, it can be very difficult to be with and generally displays negative or abusive behaviour towards others. There is no doubt that these positive experiences are necessary and likely to increase peoples sense of feeling good about themselves, resulting in positive effects in their behaviour (Hewett 1998:7). Different peoples state of normal arousal may be at different levels; indeed some people with challenging behaviours may have a level of arousal which is normally very high. Many people with learning difficulties may experience, due to their difficulties with understanding what is going on around them. The trigger is the event occurring either within the environment or within the person which activates the state where the persons behaviour becomes challenging (Hewett 1998:154). For example, during my placement I was able to observe this arousal in the service users I worked with and what the social care worker staffs did in situations like that. We have a male service user in the house who suffers from Bipolar Mood Disorder (BMD), this means that sometimes he feels high and sometimes low which is controlled by daily medication. The following are signs that show when he is becoming unstable: burping, smoking, eating more than usual, talking excessively without waiting for reply (pressure of speech) sleeping badly, general bad mood, and giving out or teasing other service users. When he is unwell, he wakes up at the middle of the night because he gets mixed up between day and night. At this point there is always a wake up night staff with him when the service user is feeling high. According to Hewett (1998:164) the first indications of triggering in a person should lead to staff surveillance and vigilance this should be the start of tuning-in. Members of the staff need to start monitoring the person for the signs and signals that the persons feelings and behaviour are starting to escalate. When the staffs working with the service user notice that the service users behaviour is becoming unstable as explained above and the service user is presenting with a challenging behaviour to the staff and other service user in the house, the staffs will try to de-escalate the situation because the service user in question will be verbally abusing (teasing) other service user which will make the other service user to be upset and the service user will continue to talk excessively without waiting for response and their will be pressure in the service users tone. In this case, the staffs will bring these to the social care leader and the social care leader will then arrange for an awake staff that will be with the service user throughout the night. With regards to other service user in the house, we always organise outings with them like bowling, going to the pub and so on just to keep them away and they can have a break as well. Another service user in the house with moderate intellectual disability present challenging behaviour as a way of seeking attention. This service user is so much attached to a particular staff and when the staff is not working, the service users behaviour is completely different compared to if the staff is on duty. If the staff is on duty, the service user would want the staff to always be with her and attend to all her needs. However, if other staff tries to make the service user understand that the staff is busy for example, writing a report or giving personal care to other service user, the service user will become abusive and her tone of voice will be very high. Whenever the service user is in that mood, other service user in the house will be upset. The staffs use Behaviour Modification on the service user. Behavioural Modification according to Atherton (2011) is the approach used by behavioural psychologists to modify behaviour. It is usually based on the reinforcement of desir ed behaviours and ignoring undesired ones. Therefore, the staff uses a Star Chart for the service user to modify the service users undesired behaviour so whenever the service user is being aggressive to other staff because the service users favourite worker is not there, the service users sticker will be taken off and the service user has to earn it back with good behaviour unless the service user will be in trouble with her key-worker and the social care leader, because all the service user wanted was for the staff to come down and then the service user will be calm. This service user does not behave like this when another staff is on duty. Training courses in the management of challenging behaviour may help to provide carers with the belief that a person can cope with the violent and aggressive behaviours. This increase in confidence can increase the likelihood that a person with learning difficulties will have the opportunity to have access to ordinary community service (Blunden and Allen 1987; cited McDonnell 1997:160). This is because the reputations that people with challenging behaviour acquire can affect their relationship with their carers. Literally, you cannot have a positive relationship with a service user who frightens you. Training can help to build a relationship of trust between the client and the carer (McDonnell 1997:160). Particularly, staffs working in social care setting need more support and training in challenging behaviour because it is the key to identifying and maintaining the equilibrium of challenging behaviours being presented by the service users. An innovative approach to challenging behaviour is counselling. Counselling as defined by Elliot and Place (1998) is the process of listening to problems, advising on actions and explaining the constraints within which children and adult should operate. It is associated with paying attention to non-verbal cues, developing good listening skills establishing trust, maintaining positive attitudes, developing expectations and showing non-judgemental attitudes and respect for privacy (Papatheodorou 2005:56). Dave (1989) Carpenter and Apter (1988) went on and say that counselling aims to enable the client to increase their conscious awareness of distorted perceptions of existing realities, and to provide emotional support in order to reduce their level of frustration (Elliot and Place 1998; Dave 1989; and Carpenter and Apter 1988; cited Papatheodorou 2005:56). Counselling in this sense will work very well with the service user that uses challenging behaviour as a mechanism of seeking atten tion to the particular staff. It will be a good idea if the service users key worker arranges for an appointment with a counsellor because it will make the service user not only to understand that the staff is not just there to attend to her but to other service users in the house which will change the service users behaviour and attitude on it. Operant approaches have stressed the importance of the environment in causing and maintaining aggressive behaviours (Skinner, 1953, 1957; cited McDonnell 2010, 2). Reinforcement of behaviour, both positive and negative, has a causal effect on antecedent stimuli and behaviour. However, there is little doubt that the application of scientific approaches to behaviour analysis has led to significant positive developments in care settings. Early approaches tended to focus on the manipulation of consequences to behaviours and the use of token economy system to control and manage behaviours can provide some insight into the change and adaptation of behaviour technologies. Token economies tended to be used in larger institutionalised system in the past (Ayllon and Azrin 1968; cited McDonnell and Sturmey 2010: 5). This approach can be found in a social care because some service users might not like the house that he or she is living in, maybe due to other service users behaviour towards him o r her and this can increase the likelihood of aggressive and challenging behaviour. If the behaviour of staff inadvertently triggers aggressive behaviours, then altering these behaviours may have an impact on the management of aggressive behaviours. The construct of reflective practice in which an individual evaluate their performances in situations and learns from both positive and negative experiences (Schon, 1987) is useful to apply to staff who may experience violence and aggression in care settings. It is possible by staff, although in many cases they may be unaware of their influence. In the circumstances, it may be difficult to expect staff to examine their own contribution to these situations (Schon, 1987; cited McDonnell 2010: 20). This explanation shows the second scenario in this essay that the staff might have contributed to it, for example initially the staff might be showing too much attention to that particular service user and then the service user became too attached to the staff and the only way the service could get attention by the staff is by em ploying challenging behaviour towards other staff and service users when ever the staff is on duty. According to McDonnell 2010: 21) behaviour management strategies need to develop a questioning approach to managing behaviours, which should include an honest and critical appraisal of the staff members contribution to violence, aggression, and challenging behaviour. In order to achieve this, encouraging an open dialogue in human services about the role of staff beliefs and expectations in maintenance of aggressive behaviour is crucial. A low arousal approach is predominantly a staff based intervention which focuses on reducing arousal in crisis situations. Organisationally there is am emphasis on strategies which aim to reduce confrontation through primarily staff based reduction of arousal. Immediate staff-based strategies focus on the reduction of requests and demands and on the non-verbal cues and triggers employed by staff in conflict situations. A general reduction of rules and boundaries which may also create a culture of control are implicit aspect of the approach (McDonnell 2010: 24). De-escalation offers a nonviolent way to manage disruptive and assaultive behaviour. The technique can be used in all types of health care organization. A number of well-known programmes offer a consistent approach to the safe management of out-of-control behaviour. One general programme is Nonviolent Crisis Intervention provided by Crisis Prevention Institute (CPI). Another technique is Time-out which is a procedure used to help individual regain emotional control by removing him or her from the immediate environment and restricting him or her to a quiet area or unlocked room. It generally involves a brief of standard duration, such as 5 minutes or 20 minutes. Brief isolation (through a time-out) provides more learning trials and opportunities to see the consequences of behaviour. Time-out can be used very effectively as part of an early prevention programme (Joint Commission Resources 2002: 50-52). Conclusion Having gone through several books and websites, it is understood that staff might contribute to upsetting behaviour towards the service user thereby invoking challenging behaviour. Nevertheless, challenging behaviour is a serious issue among children, and people with intellectual disability especially those in residential home care. There are some techniques and strategies for example the low arousal approach, the time-out approach, Nonviolent Crisis Intervention, outlined in this essay which can help both the service user and their carers to be ware of their own behaviours which can trigger aggressive behaviour in others.

Resources for Food Storage Warehouse Requirements

Warehouse Sanitation Workshop Handbook, by Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) – PDF http://www. eric. ed. gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini. jsp? nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED201821&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED201821 Foreword (pg 31/67)| There is good description of the scope of how they define ‘Food Warehouse’ and differentiate it from Food Manufacturing| II Buildings and Grounds (pg 31 – 32)III Fixtures and Equipment (pg 32)| Can be used for Section 2: Warehouse exterior and surroundings| IV Sanitary Facilities (pg 32-33)V Sanitary Operations (pg 33-34)VI Procedures & Controls – Part I, J, K (pg 35 – 36)| Can be used for Section 8: Hygiene of premises including housekeeping, personal hygiene, pest control and waste disposal| VI Procedures & Controls – Part A to H (pg 34 – 35)| Can be used for Section 7: Safe Handling of Food| VII Personnel (pg 36)| Can be used for Sect ion 11: Appointment of hygiene officers and personnel training| Appendix (pg37-39)| Could be used as our Appendix and Checklist too| 2.Food Safety for Warehousing and Distribution (a training course that comes with a copy of the AIB International Consolidated Standards for Inspection: Food Distribution Centres) https://secure. aibonline. org/php/ecomm-catalog. php? catalogNbr=11-3375 3. Food Establishment Regulations, by Southern Nevada Health District – PDF http://www. southernnevadahealthdistrict. org/food-regulations/index. php Chapter 1 Purpose and DefinitionsChapter 9-1 Definitions| Can be used for Section 1: Definitions| Chapter 2 Management and Personnel Supervision| Can be used for Section 11: Appointment of hygiene officers and personnel training| Chapter 3-305. 11 Food Storage (pg 35/166)Chapter 3-305. 2 Food Storage prohibited areas (pg 36)| Can be used for Section 6: Safe storage conditions of food| Chapter 9-202 General Warehouses| Can be used for Section 3: Ware house structure, design and maintenance| Chapter 9-302 General Warehouses| Can be used for Section 7: Safe handling of food|Chapter 9-302. 17 to . 19| Can be used for Section 8: Hygiene of premises| Chapter 9-302. 20 Transportation| Can be used for Section 9: Transportation requirements| 4. Oregon ODA Food Safety Division http://oregon. gov/ODA/FSD/reg_law_index. shtml Division 25 – Food Establishment Standards and Standards for Retail Food Service Activities http://arcweb. sos. state. or. us/pages/rules/oars_600/oar_603/603_025. tml 603-025-0010 Definitions| Can be used for Section 1: Definitions Definition of Food Storage Warehouse: means any building or place where food is stored as a commercial venture or business, or stored in connection with or as a part of a commercial venture or business, but does not include a home, restaurant, rooming house, hotel or similar place where food is stored to be used or consumed by the owner or served to employees, customers, or guests, nor an establishment licensed by the department under other laws| 603-025-0020 General Standards (1) and (2)| Can be used for Section 2: Warehouse exterior and surroundings| 603-025-0020 General Standards (3) – (8)| Can be used for Section 3: Warehouse structure| 603-025-0020 General Standards (9) – (11)| Can be used for Section 8: Hygiene| 603-025-0020 General Standards (12)| Can be used for Section 11: Personnel| 603-025-0020 General Standards (13),(14),(16)| Can be used for Section 7: Safe handling| 603-025-0020 General Standards (15)| Can be used for Section 9: Transportation requirements| 603-025-0140 Food Storage WarehousesIn addition to the provisions of OAR 603-025-0020, a food storage warehouse shall comply with the following: (1) Cold Storage: Each cold storage room in a food storage warehouse shall be equipped with an accurate and easily visible thermometer with the sensing element at least five feet above the floor. (2) Morgue: The operator of a food storag e warehouse shall provide an area for the accumulation and holding of all damaged foods or foods which are or may be unwholesome. The operator shall maintain a program of timely and proper disposal of damaged or unwholesome foods to prevent development of insanitary conditions or vermin breeding places and rodent harborage.5. Organic Food Federation Storage, Warehouse & Transport Standards (PDF) http://www. orgfoodfed. com/Our%20Standards. htm 6. International Food Safety & Quality Network http://www. ifsqn. com/ http://www. ifsqn. om/brc-storage-and-distribution-quality-management-system-p-94. html 7. Wholesale Food Warehouse Risk Control Plan Workbook (PDF) sandiegohealth. org/food/wholesale_workbook. pdfSimilar Chapter III Food Storage Procedures| Can be used for Section 6: Safe storageCan be used for Section 7: Safe handling| Chapter IV Receiving, Transportation| Can be used for Section 9: Transportation requirements| Chapter V Food Security| Can be used for Section 11: Personnel| Chapter VI RecallChapter VII Traceback| Can be used for Section 13: Recall| Chapter X Pest Control| Can be used for Section 8: Hygiene| Sample Self-Inspection Form (pg 64/74)| Can be used as Appendix|